现代中药研究与实践

目的 研究菊科鬼针草属植物金盏银盘Bidens biternata(Lour.) Merr.&Sherff.的化学成分。方法 采用不同溶剂提取，通过GC-MS对金盏银盘全草的化学成分进行分析；采用95%乙醇提取，运用多种色谱技术进行分离和纯化，利用NMR波谱数据对化合物的化学结构进行鉴定。结果 采用GC-MS联用技术从金盏银盘石油醚、乙醚、正己烷回流提取物中分别鉴定出60种、54种、30种化合物。从金盏银盘中得到5个化合物，分别鉴定为脱镁叶绿素a（Ⅰ）、1-氨基-1,2,3-三唑（Ⅱ）、stigmast-4,6,8(14)-22-tetraen-3-one（Ⅲ）、stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one（Ⅳ）、8,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylfavone（Ⅴ）。结论 金盏银盘石油醚、乙醚、正己烷回流提取物均含有大量的烷烃类、酸类、烯烃类、脂类，其中含量较高的是棕榈酸、7,9-二叔丁基-1-氧杂螺环、邻苯二甲酸等。利用NMR鉴定的化合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ均为首次从金盏银盘中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical composition of the Asteraceae family plant Bidens biternata L. Methods Extracted with different solvents, GC-MS was used to separate and analyze the chemical constituents of the whole herb of marigold and silver disk; Extraction with 95% ethanol, silica gel column chromatography, polyamide, MCI, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography were used for separation and purification, and spectral analysis was conducted to identify the structure of the compounds. Results Using GC-MS, 60, 54, 30 compounds were identified from the petroleum ether, ether and n-hexane reflux extracts of B. biternata, respectively. 5 compounds were obtained from B. biternata, identified by chemical and modern spectroscopic techniques as: pheophytin a(Ⅰ), 1-amino-1,2,3-triazole(Ⅱ), stigmast-4,6,8(14)-22-tetraen-3-one(Ⅲ), stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one(Ⅳ), and 8,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylfavone(Ⅴ). Conclusion Extracts from different solvents all contain a large amount of alkanes, acids, alkenes and lipids. Among them, palmitic acid, 7,9-di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspirocycle and phthalic acid are present in relatively high amounts. Compounds Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ are isolated from B. biternata for the first time.